What is a Census? Unlike data collection methods that use sampling to estimate the results over an entire population, a census is an official count or survey of the entire population. Because every single member of the population participates, it doesn’t use a sample, so it is expensive and time consuming. On the other hand, it gives direct primary information on the population. It is held every five years and gives information on the people and their properties. The first census was held in 1901 which was the first year of federation. The census can inform governments about policy as they are able to determine the mean age and other official observations.
Observation is the action or process of closely observing or monitoring something or someone. It allows a researcher to collect qualitative data about people, processes or cultures. Methods of data collection include interviews, surveys as well as direct observation. Australians participate in the official census every 5 years. The next census will be conducted on the 9 August 2016 and for the first time ever, more than two thirds of the population are expected to complete it online.